Obesity
This is a disease in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be negatively affected. It is commonly defined as a body mass index (weight divided by height squared) of 30 kg/m2 or higher. This distinguishes it from being overweight as defined by a BMI of between 25-29.9. Many studies show an association between excessive body weight and various diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, sleep apnea, certain types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. As a result, obesity has been found to reduce life expectancy. With rates of adult and childhood obesity increasing, authorities view it as a serious public health problem. Attempts to address it include population-wide measures to improve dietary choices and increase physical exercise.
Treatment
For some children, especially if they are still growing taller, it's more important to stabilize weight and allow them to grow into their weight. Overweight children who are still growing do not necessarily need to lose weight but simply maintain so that they can grow into their weight. The earlier a child is identified as being overweight or at risk the easier it is to treat. Because it's hard to permanently change dietary and exercise habits, it's essential to do something sooner rather than later.
Obese children need a thorough medical evaluation by a pediatrician or family doctor to assess their family history as well as their diet and exercise routines. First, the doctor will check for genetic and biochemical disorders related to obesity, such as Prader-Willi Syndrome and other genetic disorders, and hypothyroidism, and other hormonal disorders.
Diet and Activity Changes
The main way to treat obesity in children is to help them eat a healthy diet and encourage them to be physically active. In some instances, medication and even surgery may be considered depending on how overweight a child is and how much the weight is impacting his or her health.
Since losing weight is so difficult, it is very important that parents support their child while he or she makes difficult lifestyle changes. Lasting weight loss only occurs when the whole family participates.
Friday, August 8, 2008
Food for your soul
Done right, a salad can supply fiber, protein, and potent disease-fighting phytonutrients. Done wrong, it's no better than fast food. Turn over a new leaf with these easy suggestions.
Get Raw
Fresh spinach has nearly nine times the bone-building vitamin K of iceberg lettuce. Use at least 2 cups and you'll get some hefty doses of zeaxanthin and lutein to protect your vision as well.
Brighten Up
Brightly colored produce generally serves up the most nutrients. For example, carrots and broccoli contribute beta-carotene (which the body can convert to vitamin A to bolster immunity, eyesight, and skin health) and anticancer compounds. The best salads include a variety of vegetables, such as artichoke hearts, beets, corn, red and green bell peppers, peas, plus lots of tomatoes (an excellent source of vitamin C).
Pile On Freebies
They're not nutritional superstars, but you can't go wrong with cucumbers, mushrooms, celery, or zucchini. They're low cal, and their exceptional water content helps to fill you up.
Skip Sprouts
They may look healthy, but raw alfalfa and mung sprouts have been linked to nearly 40% of recent food-related illnesses.
Skirt The Creamy Stuff
Steer clear of all mayo-based concoctions. Just 1⁄2 cup of pasta salad runs about 115 calories and 5 grams of fat; potato salad costs you around 180 calories and 10 fat grams. If you must have them, skip the dressing on your green salad.
Pound Protein
Aim for at least 25 grams of high-quality protein, which will help keep you fuller longer. The best salad bar sources include whole egg (7 grams); cottage cheese (7 grams per 1⁄4 cup); tofu (6 grams per 1.4 ounces); chopped chicken or turkey (11 grams per 1/3 cup); or plain tuna (23 grams per 3 ounces). Avoid using shredded cheese. A cup supplies 28 grams but has more fat than a Big Mac.
Fill Up On Fiber
Although most vegetables are decent fiber sources, beans are the best. Include 1⁄2 cup of chickpeas (garbanzos) for 5 fiber grams, or get 8 grams with black beans. Three-bean salad is another worthy option.
Go Naked
Toppings like bacon bits, fried chow mein noodles, and croutons are a tease, with few nutrients and lots of calories. Sunflower seeds are the one exception. Two tablespoons (100 calories) provide nearly half your daily quota for vitamin E, necessary for fighting off many forms of cell damage. At 61 calories per 2 tablespoons, raisins are another OK choice—if you can spare the calories.
Change Your Oil
If you have to add some flavor to your vegetables, at least pick the right one. Prepared dressings are loaded with sodium, calories, and fat. Instead, top your salad with one tablespoon of heart-healthy olive oil plus as much red wine or balsamic vinegar as you want.
Get Some On The Side
Man does not live by salad alone, and neither should you. For balance, choose 1 ounce of whole-grain bread to accompany your (now) healthy platter.
Get Raw
Fresh spinach has nearly nine times the bone-building vitamin K of iceberg lettuce. Use at least 2 cups and you'll get some hefty doses of zeaxanthin and lutein to protect your vision as well.
Brighten Up
Brightly colored produce generally serves up the most nutrients. For example, carrots and broccoli contribute beta-carotene (which the body can convert to vitamin A to bolster immunity, eyesight, and skin health) and anticancer compounds. The best salads include a variety of vegetables, such as artichoke hearts, beets, corn, red and green bell peppers, peas, plus lots of tomatoes (an excellent source of vitamin C).
Pile On Freebies
They're not nutritional superstars, but you can't go wrong with cucumbers, mushrooms, celery, or zucchini. They're low cal, and their exceptional water content helps to fill you up.
Skip Sprouts
They may look healthy, but raw alfalfa and mung sprouts have been linked to nearly 40% of recent food-related illnesses.
Skirt The Creamy Stuff
Steer clear of all mayo-based concoctions. Just 1⁄2 cup of pasta salad runs about 115 calories and 5 grams of fat; potato salad costs you around 180 calories and 10 fat grams. If you must have them, skip the dressing on your green salad.
Pound Protein
Aim for at least 25 grams of high-quality protein, which will help keep you fuller longer. The best salad bar sources include whole egg (7 grams); cottage cheese (7 grams per 1⁄4 cup); tofu (6 grams per 1.4 ounces); chopped chicken or turkey (11 grams per 1/3 cup); or plain tuna (23 grams per 3 ounces). Avoid using shredded cheese. A cup supplies 28 grams but has more fat than a Big Mac.
Fill Up On Fiber
Although most vegetables are decent fiber sources, beans are the best. Include 1⁄2 cup of chickpeas (garbanzos) for 5 fiber grams, or get 8 grams with black beans. Three-bean salad is another worthy option.
Go Naked
Toppings like bacon bits, fried chow mein noodles, and croutons are a tease, with few nutrients and lots of calories. Sunflower seeds are the one exception. Two tablespoons (100 calories) provide nearly half your daily quota for vitamin E, necessary for fighting off many forms of cell damage. At 61 calories per 2 tablespoons, raisins are another OK choice—if you can spare the calories.
Change Your Oil
If you have to add some flavor to your vegetables, at least pick the right one. Prepared dressings are loaded with sodium, calories, and fat. Instead, top your salad with one tablespoon of heart-healthy olive oil plus as much red wine or balsamic vinegar as you want.
Get Some On The Side
Man does not live by salad alone, and neither should you. For balance, choose 1 ounce of whole-grain bread to accompany your (now) healthy platter.
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